What other type of x-rays, besides bremsstrahlung x-ray, are produced in the target?

Characteristic x-rays are produced when high-energy electrons from the electron beam collide with the target material (typically tungsten) in an x-ray tube. When these high-energy electrons knock out inner shell electrons from the atoms of the target material, the atom becomes ionized. This vacancy is then filled by an electron from a higher energy level, which emits energy in the form of x-rays. The emitted x-rays have specific energies that correspond to the differences in energy levels within the target material, hence the term "characteristic."

This type of x-ray production is distinct from bremsstrahlung radiation, which occurs due to the deceleration of electrons as they pass near the nucleus of the target material, resulting in a continuous spectrum of x-ray energies. Characteristic x-rays produce distinct peaks in energy at specific values that are characteristic of the target material used, leading to a more predictable outcome in the x-ray spectrum.

In contrast, fluorescent x-rays, thermal x-rays, and photoelectric x-rays do not arise directly from the high-energy interactions within the target material in the way characteristic x-rays do. Fluorescent x-rays typically relate to the emission of x-rays when atoms are excited by radiation but are not a primary product in the context of x-ray