What is the main component of a computer that processes all data?

The central processing unit (CPU) is considered the main component of a computer responsible for processing all data. It interprets and executes instructions from programs, performing the necessary calculations and data manipulation required for the computer to function. The CPU acts as the brain of the computer, handling everything from simple operations to complex algorithms, thereby playing a critical role in determining the overall performance and speed of the system.

Memory, while essential for temporarily holding data and instructions that the CPU needs while executing tasks, does not process data itself. Input devices allow users to provide data to the computer but do not play a role in data processing. Storage devices serve the purpose of saving data long-term, but they also do not engage in the processing of that data. Thus, the CPU is uniquely positioned as the main component responsible for running computations and executing commands within the system.