Computer memory is considered volatile if it retains data under which condition?

Computer memory is characterized as volatile when it retains data only while the system is powered on. This means that once the computer is turned off, all information stored in this type of memory is lost. Volatile memory, such as RAM (Random Access Memory), is designed to be fast and supports the active processes of the computer, allowing quick access to information that is currently in use.

When data is saved, it typically moves to a non-volatile memory type, such as a hard drive or SSD, which retains the information even when the computer is powered off. Thus, the ability of volatile memory to hold data exclusively during operational phases is what defines it, making the condition of being "on" critical for its functionality. Additionally, the data does not remain stored in memory chips once the power is removed, which reinforces the concept of volatility.